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Cambridge Secondary (7-9). Stage 9. Science. Learner's Book - Unit 6: Sound and space

Question 1

Describe how a sound wave travels through air. Use ideas about particles in your answer.

Question 2

What is common to all objects that make sound?

Question 3

Describe the link between amplitude and the loudness of a wave.

Question 4

Describe the link between frequency and the pitch of a wave.

Question 5

Which of these describes the amplitude of a sound wave? Write one letter.
  1. The maximum distance that particles move from their position when there is no wave.
  2. The total distance that particles move forward and move backward in the wave.
  3. The number of times that particles vibrate backwards and forwards every second.
  4. The direction that particles move in the wave compared to when there is no wave.

Question 6

Which of these describes the frequency of a sound wave? Write one letter.
  1. The maximum distance that particles move from their position when there is no wave.
  2. The total distance that particles move forward and move backward in the wave.
  3. The number of times that particles vibrate backwards and forwards every second.
  4. The direction that particles move in the wave compared to when there is no wave.

Question 7

This is the waveform of a sound displayed on an oscilloscope screen. Write down the letter that represents the amplitude of the wave.

Question illustration

Question 8

This is the waveform of a sound displayed on an oscilloscope screen. Write down one letter that shows a measurement that depends on the frequency of the wave.

Question illustration

Question 9

Look at the four sound waveforms, A, B, C and D. Copy and complete the sentence. Choose your answer from the list. When the sound changes from A to B, the amplitude of the wave … .

Question illustration
  1. increases
  2. decreases
  3. stays the same

Question 10

Look at the four sound waveforms, A, B, C and D. Copy and complete the sentence. Choose your answer from the list. When the sound changes from A to B, the loudness of the sound … .

Question illustration
  1. increases
  2. decreases
  3. stays the same

Question 11

Look at the four sound waveforms, A, B, C and D. Copy and complete the sentence. Choose your answer from the list. When the sound changes from C to D, the pitch of the sound … .

Question illustration
  1. increases
  2. decreases
  3. stays the same

Question 12

Look at the four sound waveforms, A, B, C and D. Copy and complete the sentence. Choose your answer from the list. When the sound changes from C to D, the loudness of the sound … .

Question illustration
  1. increases
  2. decreases
  3. stays the same

Question 13

Look at the four sound waveforms, A, B, C and D. Copy and complete the sentence. Choose your answer from the list. When the sound changes from C to D, the frequency of the wave … .

Question illustration
  1. increases
  2. decreases
  3. stays the same

Question 14

A piano makes sound when its strings vibrate. Successive A notes are an octave apart. The frequencies of the A notes are shown in the table.

| Note | Frequency / Hz |
|---|---:|
| A₀ | 27.5 |
| A₁ | 55.0 |
| A₂ | 110 |
| A₃ | 220 |
| A₄ | 440 |

Describe the trend in the frequencies of the notes shown in the table.

Question 15

A piano makes sound when its strings vibrate. Successive A notes are an octave apart. The frequencies of the A notes are shown in the table.

| Note | Frequency / Hz |
|---|---:|
| A₀ | 27.5 |
| A₁ | 55.0 |
| A₂ | 110 |
| A₃ | 220 |
| A₄ | 440 |

Use the information in the table and in the diagram to predict how the pitch of the notes changes from left to right on the piano keys.

Question illustration

Question 16

A piano makes sound when its strings vibrate. Successive A notes are an octave apart. The frequencies of the A notes are shown in the table.

| Note | Frequency / Hz |
|---|---:|
| A₀ | 27.5 |
| A₁ | 55.0 |
| A₂ | 110 |
| A₃ | 220 |
| A₄ | 440 |

The piano can also produce the notes A₅, A₆ and A₇. Use the trend in the table to predict the frequencies of these three notes.

Question 17

Many pianos have pedals that can be pressed using the player’s feet. One of the pedals decreases the loudness of the note without changing the pitch. Suggest what this pedal does, if anything, to the amplitude of the string vibration.

Question 18

Many pianos have pedals that can be pressed using the player’s feet. One of the pedals decreases the loudness of the note without changing the pitch. Suggest what this pedal does, if anything, to the frequency of the string vibration.

Question 19

A wooden metre rule or half-metre rule is clamped at a desk edge, with a mass taped to its free end. Keep the free length the same and change the attached mass. Count complete vibrations in 10 seconds, then divide by 10 to obtain frequency in Hz. Set up the equipment as shown. Decide what preliminary measurements are needed to determine the range of masses. Try to use a minimum of five different masses. Carry out the investigation using your selected masses. Do not stand with your feet under the rule; use masses that will not break it and a clamp strong enough to hold it.

Question illustration

Question 20

A wooden metre rule or half-metre rule is clamped at a desk edge, with a mass taped to its free end. Keep the free length the same and change the attached mass. Count complete vibrations in 10 seconds, then divide by 10 to obtain frequency in Hz. Record your results in a table with the columns: mass; number of vibrations in 10 seconds; frequency. Include units where needed in the column headers and all your repeat measurements.
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