Question 29
Think like a scientist: Reactions with more than one product
The equations above are examples of chemical reactions you could carry out:
silver nitrate + sodium chloride → sodium nitrate + silver chloride
sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide → sodium sulfate + water
barium chloride + sodium sulfate → barium sulfate + sodium chloride
lead nitrate + potassium iodide → potassium nitrate + lead iodide
copper carbonate + hydrochloric acid → copper chloride + water + carbon dioxide
You will need:
• safety glasses • test tubes • test tube racks • universal indicator solution
• conical flask • measuring cylinder • burette • boiling tube
• delivery tube with bung • clamp stands • safety glasses • limewater
• chemical reactants as listed above
Safety
You must wear safety glasses to carry out all of these reactions. Wash your hands after handling any chemicals.
Method
The equations above are examples of chemical reactions you could carry out. You can try other reactions if your teacher prefers. Remember, if you are going to do a neutralisation reaction, you will need to measure the reactants carefully. Carry out a risk assessment for each reaction you attempt.
Reaction 1
Safety: Silver nitrate is an irritant. Take care when you use it.
Half fill a test tube with silver nitrate solution. Slowly add some sodium chloride solution.
Reaction 2
Safety: Sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide are irritants: take care when you use them. Fill the burette carefully using a small funnel.
Your teacher may decide to do this as a demonstration as a burette can be difficult to use.
Place 20 cm³ of sodium hydroxide in a conical flask, as shown. Add a few drops of universal indicator solution. Put sulfuric acid in the burette and add to the flask until the alkali is neutralised.
Take care when you use the burette and ask for help if you have not used one before.
Reaction 3
Safety: Barium chloride is harmful if swallowed.
Half fill a test tube with barium chloride solution and add sodium sulfate solution.
Reaction 4
Place lead nitrate in a test tube and add potassium iodide. Wash your hands after handling lead compounds.
Reaction 5
Safety: Copper carbonate is harmful so wash it off you skin if you spill any.
Place a few spatulas of copper carbonate in a boiling tube and add hydrochloric acid. Place the delivery tube bung in the mouth of the boiling tube and allow the gas to be passed into a test tube of limewater (see diagram).
Carry out a risk assessment for each reaction you attempt. Follow your teacher’s instructions for the reactions selected.
The equations above are examples of chemical reactions you could carry out:
silver nitrate + sodium chloride → sodium nitrate + silver chloride
sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide → sodium sulfate + water
barium chloride + sodium sulfate → barium sulfate + sodium chloride
lead nitrate + potassium iodide → potassium nitrate + lead iodide
copper carbonate + hydrochloric acid → copper chloride + water + carbon dioxide
You will need:
• safety glasses • test tubes • test tube racks • universal indicator solution
• conical flask • measuring cylinder • burette • boiling tube
• delivery tube with bung • clamp stands • safety glasses • limewater
• chemical reactants as listed above
Safety
You must wear safety glasses to carry out all of these reactions. Wash your hands after handling any chemicals.
Method
The equations above are examples of chemical reactions you could carry out. You can try other reactions if your teacher prefers. Remember, if you are going to do a neutralisation reaction, you will need to measure the reactants carefully. Carry out a risk assessment for each reaction you attempt.
Reaction 1
Safety: Silver nitrate is an irritant. Take care when you use it.
Half fill a test tube with silver nitrate solution. Slowly add some sodium chloride solution.
Reaction 2
Safety: Sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide are irritants: take care when you use them. Fill the burette carefully using a small funnel.
Your teacher may decide to do this as a demonstration as a burette can be difficult to use.
Place 20 cm³ of sodium hydroxide in a conical flask, as shown. Add a few drops of universal indicator solution. Put sulfuric acid in the burette and add to the flask until the alkali is neutralised.
Take care when you use the burette and ask for help if you have not used one before.
Reaction 3
Safety: Barium chloride is harmful if swallowed.
Half fill a test tube with barium chloride solution and add sodium sulfate solution.
Reaction 4
Place lead nitrate in a test tube and add potassium iodide. Wash your hands after handling lead compounds.
Reaction 5
Safety: Copper carbonate is harmful so wash it off you skin if you spill any.
Place a few spatulas of copper carbonate in a boiling tube and add hydrochloric acid. Place the delivery tube bung in the mouth of the boiling tube and allow the gas to be passed into a test tube of limewater (see diagram).
Carry out a risk assessment for each reaction you attempt. Follow your teacher’s instructions for the reactions selected.
